Interactive Effects of Elevated [CO<sub>2</sub>] and Soil Water Stress on Leaf Morphological and Anatomical Characteristic of Paper Birch Populations

• 作者: Anjala Pyakurel Jian R. Wang
• 来源期刊: 美国植物学期刊(英文)
• 学科: 医学
• 关键词: Carbon Dioxide Levels PLASTICITY Leaf Area STOMATAL Area STOMATAL Density PORE Area and Guard Cell Width
• 年，卷（期）: mgzwxqkyw_2014,（5）
• 页码范围: 691-703
• 页数: 13页
• 分类号: R73

摘要

The leaf morphological and stomatal characteristics of four paper birch (Betula papyrifera Marsh) populations, grown at four treatment conditions of carbon dioxide [CO2] and soil water levels were investigated to determine whether future increases in atmospheric [CO2] and water deficit affected the leaf characteristics. The populations from Cussion Lake, Little Oliver, Skimikin and Wayerton were grown for 12 weeks under ambient (360 ppm) and elevated (720 ppm) [CO2] at both high and low water levels. The populations significantly differed in leaf area and stomatal characteristics due to the interaction effects of [CO2], water levels and population differences. Most leaf morphological characteristics and stomatal density varied due to the effects of [CO2] and/or populations, but not due to the effect of water levels. Although elevated [CO2] alone barely affected stomatal area of the birch populations, simultaneous elevated [CO2] at both water levels had stimulated stomatal characteristics within and among the populations. Overall, elevated [CO2] reduced leaf area and increased stomatal density;and low water level resulted in smaller stomatal area, pore area and guard cell width. However, the populations responded differently to an increase in [CO2] and water levels. All populations showed plastic responses with respect to [CO2] and water levels either by decreasing stomatal area under low water level or by increasing stomatal density under elevated [CO2]. Hence, integration between and within leaf characteristics had helped paper birch populations maintain balance between [CO2] gain and water loss.