Cultivation of <i>Erianthus</i>and Napier Grass at an Abandoned Mine in Lampung, Indonesia

• 作者: Fumitaka Shiotsu Jun Abe Nobuhito Sekiya Shigenori Morita
• 来源期刊: 美国植物学期刊(英文)
• 学科: 医学
• 关键词: Biomass CELLULOSIC Energy CROPS Unused Land SUBSURFACE SOILS
• 年，卷（期）: 2014,（11）
• 页码范围: 1711-1720
• 页数: 10页
• 分类号: R73

摘要

The production of cellulosic bioethanol from non-edible plants is drawing increasing attention, as it potentially avoids food-fuel competition. Because growing such plants on farmland indirectly reduces food availability, the plants should be grown on marginal, non-arable lands. In this study, we evaluated the growth of cellulosic energy crops at a former mining site in Indonesia. This mine was abandoned because it contained few mineral deposits, and exposed subsoils rather than toxic soils prevented revegetation. In the first trial, growths of two energy plant species Erianthus spp. and Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum) were compared with that of maize (Zea mays) at the mine site and a nearby degraded farm. Erianthus and Napier grass produced 11.7 and 22.5 t·ha-1 of shoot dry matter at 8 months after planting (MAP) in the farm respectively while maize plants failed to establish, but none of the three species grew at the mine. In the second trial, two-week-old seedlings of Erianthus and Napier grass rather than stem cuttings as used in the first trial were planted at the mine site. Erianthus and Napier grass produced 16.3 and 24.0 t·ha-1 of shoot dry matter over the course of 18 months, respectively. Application of organic fertilizer significantly increased shoot dry matter to 18.9 and 39.6 t·ha-1 in Erianthus and Napier grass, respectively. During the 18-month growth period, both of the energy plants significantly increased soil carbon at the 0 - 0.3 m depth from 0.33% to 1.15% - 1.23% when chemical fertilizer was applied and to 0.67% - 0.69% when both chemical and organic fertilizers were applied. From 0 - 5 MAP, soil surface level dropped by 28.0 - 34.7 mm in plots without plants due to soil erosion. In contrast, both of the energy plants significantly reduced the drop of soil surface level to 16.0 - 19.3 mm in plots with chemical fertilizer alone and to 18.0 - 20.7 mm in plots with chemical and organic fertilizers. Proportions of small soil particles, that would be easily detached and transported by wate