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摘要:
Keeping beef cattle outdoors during winter reduces costs and improves animal welfare, but increases the risk of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) runoff losses. This study evaluated a rotational pen design on grassland with two groups of suckler cows given access to an expanding staying area and a new feeding area each week (72 cattle ha-1), with one month’s stay per pen. The spatial distribution of excreta and effects on N and P surface runoff was evaluated during six months. The total excreta loads corresponded to 500 kg·N·ha-1 and 50 kg·P·ha-1. New feeding areas did not distribute excretions evenly, which resulted in the highest proportion of excretions (31%) occurring in the first week’s sub-area. The topsoil had significantly higher amounts of mineral-N, mainly as NH4-N (29 - 81 kg·ha-1), than an unaffected area (13 kg·ha-1). Mean total runoff losses were similar for both groups (1.4 kg·P·ha-1 and 9.0 kg·N·ha-1). Around 78% of N and 70% of P runoff losses occurred during the month with cattle present. During the first two weeks with heavy rain, N and P runoff losses were 50% higher from an area with suckler cows than a corresponding vegetated sub-area without cows. The study design did not provide a sufficient distribution of excretions and a high animal density in combination with trampling resulted in unacceptable N and P run-off losses. An environmentally friendly design would need to include frequent moving of all equipment and access to larger areas.
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篇名 Winter Runoff of Nitrogen and Phosphorus from a Rotational Pen Design with Suckler Cows
来源期刊 农业科学(英文) 学科 医学
关键词 N P Organic Carbon OUTDOOR PEN TRAMPLING Surface RUNOFF
年,卷(期) 2015,(10) 所属期刊栏目
研究方向 页码范围 1248-1261
页数 14页 分类号 R73
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N
P
Organic
Carbon
OUTDOOR
PEN
TRAMPLING
Surface
RUNOFF
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期刊影响力
农业科学(英文)
月刊
2156-8553
武汉市江夏区汤逊湖北路38号光谷总部空间
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1151
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