In order to promote the development of agricultural large-scale operation in China,this paper constructs a calculation model for agricultural moderate large-scale operation to estimate moderate operation scale of China’s major crops and different agricultural varieties in different regions based on the analysis of present situation of agricultural moderate large-scale operation. The results show that the national average moderate operation area of grain is 7. 3 ha; the average moderate operation area of vegetable,cotton and apple is 0. 61,21. 42 and 0. 37 ha,respectively; the average moderate scale of hog and sheep is 388 and 234. 8,respectively. In addition,for different varieties of agricultural products,we estimate their moderate scale in different provinces. The study provides a scientific basis for speeding up agricultural land transfer and realizing moderate large-scale operation,and sets forth corresponding recommendations on this basis.