MicroRNA in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and itsprecursor lesions

• 来源期刊: 世界胃肠肿瘤学杂志：英文版（电子版）
• 学科: 医学
• 关键词: PANCREATIC CANCER MICRORNA Biomarkers PANCREATIC intraepithelial LESIONS INTRADUCTAL papillarymucinous NEOPLASM
• 年，卷（期）: 2016,（1）
• 页码范围: 18-29
• 页数: 12页
• 分类号: R

摘要

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma （PDAC） is the 4thdeadliest cancer in the United States, due to its aggressivenature, late detection, and resistance tochemotherapy. The majority of PDAC develops from3 precursor lesions, pancreatic intraepithelial lesions（PanIN）, intraductual papillary mucinous neoplasm（IPMN）, and mucinous cystic neoplasm. Early detectionand surgical resection can increase PDAC 5-year survivalrate from 6% for Stage Ⅳ to 50% for Stage Ⅰ. To date,there are no reliable biomarkers that can detect PDAC.MicroRNAs （miRNA） are small noncoding RNAs （18-25nucleotides） that regulate gene expression by affectingtranslation of messenger RNA （mRNA）. A large bodyof evidence suggests that miRNAs are dysregulated invarious types of cancers. MiRNA has been profiled as apotential biomarker in pancreatic tumor tissue, blood,cyst fluid, stool, and saliva. Four miRNA biomarkers（miR-21, miR-155, miR-196, and miR-210） have beenconsistently dysregulated in PDAC. MiR-21, miR-155, andmiR-196 have also been dysregulated in IPMN and PanINlesions suggesting their use as early biomarkers of thisdisease. In this review, we explore current knowledge ofmiRNA sampling, miRNA dysregulation in PDAC and itsprecursor lesions, and advances that have been made inusing miRNA as a biomarker for PDAC and its precursorlesions.