Grey-scale sonography and sonoelastography for diagnosing carpal tunnel syndrome

• 作者: Hideaki Miyamoto Sakae Tanaka Takahiro Kashiyama Yutaka Morizaki
• 来源期刊: 世界放射学杂志：英文版（电子版）
• 学科: 医学
• 关键词: CARPAL tunnel syndrome CROSS-SECTIONAL area GRAY-SCALE SONOGRAPHY Diagnosis MEDIAN nerve SONOELASTOGRAPHY Elasticity
• 年，卷（期）: 2016,（3）
• 页码范围: 281-287
• 页数: 7页
• 分类号: R445.1

摘要

Carpal tunnel syndrome(CTS) is a common peripheral entrapment neuropathy of the median nerve at wrist level, and is thought to be caused by compression of the median nerve in the carpal tunnel. There is no standard quantitative reference for the diagnosis of CTS. Greyscale sonography and sonoelastography(SEL) have been used as diagnostic tools. The most commonly agreed findings in grey-scale sonography for the diagnosis of CTS is enlargement of the median nerve cross-sectional area(CSA). Several authors have assessed additional parameters. 'Delta CSA' is the difference between the proximal median nerve CSA at the pronator quadratus and the maximal CSA within the carpal tunnel. The 'CSA ratio' is the ratio of CSA in the carpal tunnel to the CSA at the mid forearm. These additional parameters showed better diagnostic accuracy than CSA measurement alone. Recently, a number of studies have investigated the elasticity of the median nerve using SEL, and have shown that this also has diagnostic value, as it was significantly stiffer in CTS patients compared to healthy volunteers. In this review, we summarize the usefulness of grey-scale sonography and SEL in diagnosing CTS.