To improve the recognition of acquired pure red cell aplasia (PRCA).We retrospectively analyzed clinical data of 10 patients with acquired PRCA,including 3 primary cases and 7 secondary cases.Among them,5 patients treated with glucocorticoids and 6 patients treated with cyclosporine,only 1 case was ineffective.Acquired PRCA is a heterogeneous disease.Glucocorticoid and cyclosporine are the first choices.