From Nikolay Umov <i>E=kmc<sup>2</sup></i>via Albert Einstein’s <i>E=γmc<sup>2</sup></i>to the Dark Energy Density of the Cosmos <i>E=(21/22)mc<sup>2</sup></i>

• 作者: Mohamed S. El Naschie
• 来源期刊: 力学国际期刊(英文)
• 学科: 数学
• 关键词: N. Umov ENERGY A. Einstein ENERGY El Naschie ENERGY Ordinary COSMIC ENERGY COSMIC Dark ENERGY F. Hasen?hrl’s Electromagnetic ENERGY H. POINCARÉ History of Special Relativity
• 年，卷（期）: lxgjqkyw_2018,（4）
• 页码范围: 73-81
• 页数: 9页
• 分类号: O1

摘要

The paper starts from the remarkable classical equation of the great nineteenth century Russian physicist Nikolay Umov E=kmc2 where 1/2≤k≤1, m is the mass, c is the speed of light and E is the equivalent energy of m. After a short but deep discussion of the derivation of Umov we move to Einstein’s formula E=γmc2?where γis the Lorentz factor of special relativity and point out the interesting difference and similarity between Umov’s k and Lorentz-Einstein γ. This is particularly considered in depth for the special case which leads to the famous equation?E=mc2?that is interpreted here to be the maximal cosmic energy density possible. Subsequently we discuss the dissection of E=mc2 into two components, namely the cosmic dark energy density E(D)=(21/22)MC2 and the ordinary energy density E(O)=MC2/22? where?E(D)+E(O)=MC2. Finally we move from this to the three-part dissection where we show that E is simply the sum of pure dark energy E(PD) plus dark matter energy E(DM) as well as ordinary energy E(O).