Occupational Allergic Contact Dermatitis in Tunisia: Epidemiology and Occupational Outcome

• 作者: Aicha Brahem Asma Aloui Faten Debbabi Houda Kalboussi Imène Kacem Maher Maoua Néjib Mrizak Olfa El Maalel Sana El Guedri Souhaiel Chatti
• 来源期刊: 职业病与环境医学(英文)
• 学科: 医学
• 关键词: EPIDEMIOLOGY OCCUPATIONAL Disease ALLERGIC Contact DERMATITIS JOB Loss Tunisia
• 年，卷（期）: 2018,（3）
• 页码范围: 107-117
• 页数: 11页
• 分类号: R73

摘要

Background: Occupational allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is one of the most frequent diseases on the workplace worldwide. Its national incidence and prevalence were not previously studied in Tunisia. Objective: To assess incidence of occupational allergic contact dermatitis and its occupational outcome in Tunisia. Methods: Descriptive epidemiological study of all cases of occupational allergic contact dermatitis reported from 2002 to 2012 in Tunisia and recognized by the medical commissions of the National Health Insurance Fund. Results: 315 cases of occupational ACD were collected representing an annual incidence of 31.65 cases/100.000 workers in the private sector in Tunisia. The mean age of our population was 42.70 ± 9.02 years with a male predominance (sex ratio 3.03). The most affected sectors were the clothing sector (14.3% of cases) and the cement industry (13.7% of cases). Patch tests were positive in 188 patients (59.67%). The most frequently positive allergen was potassium dichromate in 27.3% of the cases. Overall, 25.4% of patients had lost their jobs. After multiple binary logistic regression, job loss had a statistically significant relationship with localization of lesions on the face and on dominant hand. Conclusion: Occupational ACD is frequent in Tunisia and is responsible for an important rate of job loss. Preventive measures must be reinforced, especially the wearing of protective gloves.