The objective of this study was to investigate the underlying mechanisms behind the antennapedia proteins(ANTP)-SmacN7 synergistically trigger cell apoptosis in lung cancer cells induced by carbon ion irradiation.The radiation-sensitising effects of cancer cells and ANTPSmacN7 fusion proteins were observed by a clonogenic assay[1].The effects of drugs and radiation on tumour cell apoptosis were determined using PI staining[2].Carbon ion radiation-induced tumour cells apoptosis were showed significantly increase compared with X-ray irradiation(IR).The ANTP-SmacN7 fusion protein promoted tumour cell apoptosis.The results indicate that iron and carbon ion IR have higher RBE for cell killing,and ANTP-SmacN7 could significantly promote apoptosis of lung cancer cells induced by high-LET IR.These results provide useful information for followup studies that will focus on improvement of high-LET ion radiotherapy in the near future(Figs.12).