In nearly all living cells, rotary ATP synthases of the F1Fo family are essential to inter-conversing of energy between the transmembrane electrochemical potential and the ATP form (Boyer 1997). During ATP synthesis, the Fo sector of the ATP synthase machinery converts the electrochemical energy of either protons or sodium ions into mechanicel energy of a rotor;in turn, this energy is converted into chemical energy of ATP by the Fi sector (Gruber et al. 2014;Nakamoto et al. 2008).