As this special volume indicates,we have multiple modalities and approaches for thinking about anxiety and its therapeutics.Our treatment approaches and understandings vary from the psychological and cognitive to the biological and pharmacological.We also assert that the underlying neurobiology,mechanisms and evolutionary psychology of anxiety are the best understood of any form of psychiatric disorder.Yet while most patients who suffer anxiety disorders can be helped,few are cured.Furthermore,while anxiety research is robust,as evidenced in this issue,the therapies and therapeutic outcomes of today look very much the same as 30 years ago.The most dramatically and acutely effective of pharmacological anxiolytic treatments are limited by challenges of tachyphylaxis,diversion and abuse,and withdrawal syndromes when discontinued.