Effects of Different Density-reducing Methods on Canopy Microenvironment, Tree Growth and Fruit Quality in Closed Apple Orchard

• 作者: Hao ZHAI Jinzheng WANG Laiping WANG Peixian NIE Ru CHEN Xiaomin XUE
• 来源期刊: 农业生物技术:英文版
• 学科: 数学
• 关键词: Apple CLOSED ORCHARD Density reduction method CANOPY MICROENVIRONMENT Tree growth FRUIT quality
• 年，卷（期）: 2019,（6）
• 页码范围: 119-123
• 页数: 5页
• 分类号: O15

摘要

In order to optimize and transform closed mature apple orchards with standard rootstocks and improve the quality of fruit, taking a closed Red Fuji apple orchard as the test object, the effects of different density-reducing methods(deinterlacing, removing every other plant in each row, removing every other plant every other row) on the canopy microenvironment, tree structure, leaf photosynthesis and fruit quality were studied. The results showed that different density-reducing methods significantly reduced the orchard coverage and increased the crown transmittance. Among them, the deinterlacing treatment was the best in improving the population structure of the closed orchard, as it reduced the orchard coverage rate by 55.68 percentage points and the canopy transmittance by 82.38 percentage points, compared with the control(CK). Different density-reducing methods all could significantly reduce the branch amount in the closed orchard and optimized the branch composition. The three density-reducing methods decreased the number of branches per plant by 18.96%, 12.41% and 19.58%, respectively, compared with the CK. And compared with the CK, the proportion of short branches and leafy branches to the total branches was increased by 17.13%, 14.27% and 7.37%, respectively, and the proportion of long branches and developmental branches to the total branches was decreased by 24.47%, 18.04% and 10.79%, respectively. The effects of the different density-reducing methods on the temperature, relative light intensity, SPAD and leaf photosynthetic rate in canopies all followed an order of deinterlacing>removing every other plant in each row>removing every other plant every other row>CK, while those on the relative humidity showed an order of deinterlacing<removing every other plant in each row<removing every other plant every other row<CK. The average single fruit weight(238.3 g), coloring index(89.2), smoothness index(83.2), soluble solid content(15.1%) and high quality fruit rate(82.4%) of the deinterlacing treatment were high