Epidemiology of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>Infections in Kenya: Current State, Gaps and Opportunities

• 作者: Andrew Nyerere Andrew Whitelaw Geoffrey Omuse Gunturu Revathi Justin Nyasinga Mae Newton Njenga John Shima Abdulgader
• 来源期刊: 医学微生物学(英文)
• 学科: 医学
• 关键词: Staphylococcus aureus MRSA AMR EPIDEMIOLOGY Kenya
• 年，卷（期）: 2020,（4）
• 页码范围: 204-221
• 页数: 18页
• 分类号: R44

摘要

<i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Staphylococcus</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> <i>aureus</i></span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> has maintained its clinical relevance as a major cause of hospital and community acquired infections globally with a high burden of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Though reported, the burden of infection, antimicrobial resistance and molecular epidemiology of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">S</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">aureus</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> are not well defined in Kenya. This descriptive review evaluated reported data on the detection and characterization of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">S</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">aureus</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> infections in Kenya. Published data between 2000 and 2020 were evaluated. </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">S</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">aureus</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> isolation frequencies varied from 1% in blood specimens to 52.6% among skin and soft tissues infections while MRSA rates ranged from 1% to 84.1%. While penicillin resistance has consistently been high, last line and recent antibiotics such as vancomycin, linezolid, teicoplanin and daptomycin have retained their efficacy. Data on MRSA carriage in the community, among HCWs and inpatients is limited. Global clones (CC1, CC5, CC8, CC22, CC30, CC45 and CC239) alongside a few novel MRSA strains have been reported with staphylococcal protein A (</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">spa</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) sequence based clustering yielding four major clusters (</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">spa</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> CC359, </span><i><span style="font-family:V