Significant Shift of Ambient Night-Time Air Temperature during Rice Growing Season in Major US Rice States

• 作者: Kharla Mendez M. Arlene Adviento-Borbe Argelia Lorence Harkamal Walia
• 来源期刊: 美国气候变化期刊(英文)
• 学科: 农学
• 关键词: Night-Time Air Temperature RICE Climate Variability Weather Database US Rice States
• 年，卷（期）: 2021,（1）
• 页码范围: 134-151
• 页数: 18页
• 分类号: S51

摘要

Heat stress studies in rice (<em>Oryza sativa</em> sp.) under extreme weather scenarios generally use constant temperatures to influence the crop responses without relation to actual weather changes. These heat stress studies may have limited implications for future crop yields because elevated temperatures are not based on local temperature fluctuations. This study investigated the night-time air temperature pattern and assessed the status and reliability of available weather station data in four major rice growing states;Arkansas (AR), California (CA), Louisiana (LA) and Texas (TX) using four public weather station databases. Hourly and daily night-time air temperatures from 20:00 to 06:00 were obtained from 1940 to 2018 during the rice growing period. During the 67-year period, a significant increase of 1.12<span style="white-space:nowrap;">&#176;</span>C and 0.53<span style="white-space:nowrap;">&#176;</span>C in seasonal night air temperature occurred in CA and AR (<em>P</em> ≤ 0.001) while LA and TX showed minimal to no increase in night air temperature. Across all rice states and years, night air temperature fluctuations ranged between ±0.2<span style="white-space:nowrap;">&#176;</span>C and ±4<span style="white-space:nowrap;">&#176;</span>C with the greatest occurred in CA (2.9<span style="white-space:nowrap;">&#176;</span>C) and AR (4.5<span style="white-space:nowrap;">&#176;</span>C). Mean night-time air temperature across all states ranged from 22.6<span style="white-space:nowrap;">&#176;</span>C to 29.5<span style="white-space:nowrap;">&#176;</span>C with a rate of increase of 0.01<span style="white-space:nowrap;">&#176;</span>C to 0.02<span style="white-space:nowrap;">&#176;</span>C per year since 1941. Due to a relatively smaller spatial dataset (from 1941-2018), trend analyses for AR, TX and LA showed modest bias with root mean square errors (RMSE) of 0.5<span style="white-space:nowrap;">&#176;</span>C to 1.1<span style="white-space:nowrap;">&#176;</span>C of absolute mean temperature across al