Electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)is a highly potential strategy to massively produce green hydrogen fuels.However,the employment of costly Pt-based electrocatalyst in the cathode of electrolyzer greatly hampers the development of hydrogen economy.Ruthenium phosphide catalysts have recently drawn wide attention due to the Pt-like activity but relatively lower cost.Herein,a facile strategy was proposed for the con-trolled preparation of the ultrasmall RuP2 nanoparticles on N,P-codoped carbon from common precursors of Ru(Ⅱ)complex and phytic acid.By taking advantage of simple mixing and pyrolysis,the as-synthesized RuP2 nanoparti-cles were uniformly embedded onto the N,P-codoped car-bon nanosheet.The composite catalyst shows better activity than Pt/C for alkaline HER and comparable activity for acidic and neutral HER.The superior activity can be ascribed to the ultrasmall-size and efficient RuP2 together with good mass and charge transfer ability assured by N,P-codoped carbon support.The advantages including low-cost and simple synthesis in this work present an encouraging substitute to replace commercial Pt/C for hydrogen-related practical applications.