The continued evolution of SARS-CoV-2 has raised questions regarding the ability of prior immunity to early pandemic strains to afford protection against emerging variants.In a recent study,Stamatatos et al.demonstrate that currently approved mRNA vaccines elicit antibodies capable of neu-tralizing heterologous antigen and they further show that single-dose vaccination triggers an anamnestic response in individuals with pre-existing anti-RBD IgG developed through previous SARS-CoV-2 infection.