Structural,Functional,and Molecular Imaging of Autism Spectrum Disorder

• 作者: Xiaoyi Li Kai Zhang Xiao He Jinyun Zhou Chentao Jin Lesang Shen Yuanxue Gao Mei Tian Hong Zhang
• 来源期刊: 神经科学通报（英文版）
• 年，卷（期）: 2021,（7）
• 所属期刊栏目: Reviews
• 页码范围: 1051-1071
• 页数: 21页
• 语种: 英文

摘要

Autism spectrum disorder(ASD)is a heteroge-neous neurodevelopmental disorder associated with both genetic and environmental risks.Neuroimaging approaches have been widely employed to parse the neurophysiolog-ical mechanisms underlying ASD,and provide critical insights into the anatomical,functional,and neurochemical changes.We reviewed recent advances in neuroimaging studies that focused on ASD by using magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),positron emission tomography(PET),or single-positron emission tomography(SPECT).Longitudi-nal structural MRI has delineated an abnormal developmental trajectory of ASD that is associated with cascading neurobiological processes,and functional MRI has pointed to disrupted functional neural networks.Meanwhile,PET and SPECT imaging have revealed that metabolic and neurotransmitter abnormalities may con-tribute to shaping the aberrant neural circuits of ASD.Future large-scale,multi-center,multimodal investigations are essential to elucidate the neurophysiological underpin-nings of ASD,and facilitate the development of novel diagnostic biomarkers and better-targeted therapy.