The International English Language Testing System (IELTS) is one of the most widely used language proficiency test in the world. In the IELTS academic module, the writing test is a significant part to assess examinees'writing ability on the ground of the university academic level. Since the IELTS academic writing test measures test-takers'academic writing competency and pre?pares them for the university study, it is necessary to figure out the extent this test could be beneficial to test-takers for future uni?versity learning. This paper aims to provide a critical review of the IELTS writing test, dawning on"principles of test assessment"introduced by Brown and Abeywickrama (2010), and focusing particularly on the predictive validity, authenticity, and washback.