Rewilding staple crops for the lost halophytism:Toward sustainability and profitability of agricultural production systems

• 作者: Nishtha Rawat Silas Wungrampha Sneh L.Singla-Pareek Min Yu Sergey Shabala Ashwani Pareek
• 来源期刊: 分子植物（英文版）
• 年，卷（期）: 2022,（1）
• 所属期刊栏目: Review Articles
• 页码范围: 45-64
• 页数: 20页
• 语种: 英文

摘要

Abiotic stress tolerance has been weakened during the domestication of all major staple crops.Soil salinity is a major environmental constraint that impacts over half of the world population;however,given the increasing reliance on irrigation and the lack of available freshwater,agriculture in the 21st century will increasingly become saline.Therefore,global food security is critically dependent on the ability of plant breeders to create high-yielding staple crop varieties that will incorporate salinity tolerance traits and ac-count for future climate scenarios.Previously,we have argued that the current agricultural practices and reliance on crops that exclude salt from uptake is counterproductive and environmentally unsustainable,and thus called for a need for a major shift in a breeding paradigm to incorporate some halophytic traits that were present in wild relatives but were lost in modern crops during domestication.In this review,we provide a comprehensive physiological and molecular analysis of the key traits conferring crop halophy-tism,such as vacuolar Na+ sequestration,ROS desensitization,succulence,metabolic photosynthetic switch,and salt deposition in trichomes,and discuss the strategies for incorporating them into elite germ-plasm,to address a pressing issue of boosting plant salinity tolerance.