<正> Objectives: It is questioned whether network-basedcommunication (NBC) aids the development of grammaticalcompetence in teaching English as a foreign language.Methods: In order to demonstrate that NBC holds similarpotential for the development of grammatical competence asdoes oral interaction, we studied the on-line communicationbetween students of a Chinese university and a Japaneseuniversity mediated by a synchronous NBC software, namelyCUSeeMe. 68 second-year students from the Department of