Aim: To establish the frequency of Y chromosome microdeletions in an unselected group of infertile Croatian men.Methods: An unselected group of 105 patients (male partners of infertile couples), both with idiopathic and nonidiopathic infertility, consecutively referred to the outpatient infertility clinic, gynecology department, General Hospital Pula, Istria County, Croatia, was examined for the presence or absence of Y chromosome microdeletions by polymerase chain reaction analysis. Results: One of the 105 men (0.95%, 95% CI = 0.17-5.2%) was found to have a microdeletion. Conclusion: A low frequency of Y chromosome microdeletions was found in the group of unselected infertile Croatian men.