Update on vascular endothelial Ca²⁺ signalling:A tale of ion channels,pumps and transporters

• 作者: Francesco Moccia Franco Tanzi Roberto Berra-Romani
• 来源期刊: 世界生物化学杂志：英文版（电子版）
• 学科: 医学
• 关键词: Endothelial cells CA2+ SIGNALLING Plasma membrane Endoplasmic reticulum Intracellular CA2+ release CA2+ entry CA2+ removal CA2+ oscillations
• 年，卷（期）: 2012,（7）
• 页码范围: 127-158
• 页数: 32页
• 分类号: R363

摘要

A monolayer of endothelial cells (ECs) lines the lumen of blood vessels and forms a multifunctional transducing organ that mediates a plethora of cardiovascular processes. The activation of ECs from as state of quiescence is, therefore, regarded among the early events leading to the onset and progression of potentially lethal diseases, such as hypertension, myocardial infarction, brain stroke, and tumor. Intracellular Ca2+ signals have long been know to play a central role in the complex network of signaling pathways regulating the endothelial functions. Notably, recent work has outlined how any change in the pattern of expression of endothelial channels, transporters and pumps involved in the modulation of intracellular Ca2+ levels may dramatically affect whole body homeostasis. Vascular ECs may react to both mechanical and chemical stimuli by generating a variety of intracellular Ca2+ signals, ranging from brief, localized Ca2+ pulses to prolonged Ca2+ oscillations engulfing the whole cytoplasm. The well-defined spatiotemporal profile of the subcellular Ca2+ signals elicited in ECs by specific extracellular inputs depends on the interaction between Ca2+ releasing channels, which arelocated both on the plasma membrane and in a number of intracellular organelles, and Ca2+ removing systems. The present article aims to summarize both the past and recent literature in the field to provide a clear-cut picture of our current knowledge on the molecular nature and the role played by the components of the Ca2+ machinery in vascular ECs under both physiological and pathological conditions.