Changes in aminoacidergic and monoaminergic neurotransmission in the hippocampus and amygdala of rats after ayahuasca ingestion

• 作者: Dartiu Xavier da Silveira Débora Amado Eduardo Ferreira de Castro-Neto Esper Abro Cavalheiro Maria da Graa Naffah-Mazzacoratti Mauricio Yonamine Rafael Henrique da Cunha Telma Luciana Furtado Gouveia
• 来源期刊: 世界生物化学杂志：英文版（电子版）
• 学科: 生物学
• 关键词: Ayahuasca AMINO ACIDS MONOAMINES HIPPOCAMPUS AMYGDALA
• 年，卷（期）: 2013,（4）
• 页码范围: 141-147
• 页数: 7页
• 分类号: Q42

摘要

AIM: To evaluate changes in neurotransmission induced by a psychoactive beverage ayahuasca in the hippocampus and amygdala of naive rats. METHODS: The level of monoamines, their main metabolites and amino acid neurotransmitters concentrations were quantified using high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC). Four groups of rats were employed: saline-treated and rats receiving 250, 500 and 800 mg/kg of ayahuasca infusion(gavage). Animals were killed 40 min after drug ingestion and the structures stored at-80 ℃ until HPLC assay. The data from all groups were compared using Analysis of variance and Scheffé as post test and P 【 0.05 was accepted as significant. RESULTS: The results showed decreased concentrations of glycine(GLY)(0.13 ± 0.03 vs 0.29 ± 0.07, P 【 0.001) and γ-aminobutyric acid(GABA)(1.07 ± 0.14 vs 1.73 ± 0.25, P 【 0.001) in the amygdala of rats that received 500 of ayahuasca. Animals that ingested 800 mg/kg of ayahuasca also showed a reduction of GLY level(0.11 ± 0.01 vs 0.29 ± 0.07, P 【 0.001) and GABA(0.98 ± 0.06 vs 1.73 ± 0.25, P 【 0.001). In the hippocampus, increased GABA levels were found in rats that received all ayahuasca doses: 250 mg/kg(1.29 ± 0.19 vs 0.84 ± 0.21, P 【 0.05); 500 mg/kg(2.23 ± 038 vs 084 ± 0.21, P 【 0.05) and 800 mg/kg(1.98 ± 0.92 vs 0.84 ± 0.21, P 【 0.05). In addition, an increased utilization rate of all monoamines was found in the amygdala after ayahuasca administration in doses: 250 mg/kg(noradrenaline: 0.16 ± 0.02 vs 0.36 ± 0.06, P 【 0.01; dopamine: 0.39 ± 0.012 vs 2.39 ± 0.84, P 【 0.001; serotonin: 1.02 ± 0.22 vs 4.04 ± 0.91, P 【 0.001), 500 mg/kg(noradrenaline: 0.08 ± 0.02 vs 0.36 ± 0.06, P 【 0.001; dopamine: 0.33 ± 0.19 vs 2.39 ± 0.84, P 【 0.001; serotonin: 0.59 ± 0.08 vs 4.04 ± 0.91, P 【 0.001) and 800 mg/kg(noradrenaline: 0.16 ± 0.04 vs 0.36 ± 0.06, P 【 0.001; dopamine: 0.84 ± 0.65 vs2.39 ± 0.84, P 【 0.05; serotonin: 0.36 ± 0.02 vs 4.04 ± 0.91, P 【 0.001). CONCLUSION: Our data sugg