干细胞命运的 MicroRNAs 同样新奇的管理者

• 作者: Eunmi Choi Ki-Chul Hwang
• 来源期刊: 世界干细胞杂志：英文版（电子版）
• 学科: 医学
• 关键词: MicroRNA Stem cell FATE DIFFERENTIATION SELF-RENEWAL REPROGRAMMING Small MOLECULE
• 年，卷（期）: 2013,（4）
• 页码范围: 172-187
• 页数: 16页
• 分类号: R329

摘要

Mounting evidence in stem cell biology has shown that microRNAs(miRNAs) play a crucial role in cell fate specification, including stem cell self-renewal, lineagespecific differentiation, and somatic cell reprogramming.These functions are tightly regulated by specific gene expression patterns that involve miRNAs and transcription factors. To maintain stem cell pluripotency, specific miRNAs suppress transcription factors that promote differentiation, whereas to initiate differentiation, lineagespecific miRNAs are upregulated via the inhibition of transcription factors that promote self-renewal. Small molecules can be used in a similar manner as natural miRNAs, and a number of natural and synthetic small molecules have been isolated and developed to regulate stem cell fate. Using miRNAs as novel regulators of stem cell fate will provide insight into stem cell biology and aid in understanding the molecular mechanisms and crosstalk between miRNAs and stem cells.Ultimately, advances in the regulation of stem cell fate will contribute to the development of effective medical therapies for tissue repair and regeneration. This review summarizes the current insights into stem cell fate determination by miRNAs with a focus on stem cell self-renewal, differentiation, and reprogramming. Small molecules that control stem cell fate are also highlighted.