Background: The aim of this study was to explore the characteristics of breast cancer mortality in Inner Mongolia, and to provide evidence for the prevention of female breast cancer. Methods: Using data from the Death Registry System from 2008 to 2010. We classified female cancer deaths according to the International Classification of Disease-10th Revision. The mortality of different age groups and the potential years of life lost were calculated for female breast cancer in Inner Mongolia. Results: Breast cancer mortality for Inner Mongolian women was higher in older age groups. The potential years of life lost were also much higher in younger groups than in older groups. Marital status, education level and occupation may contribute to this increase in breast cancer mortality in younger groups. Conclusion: Preventive policies should be implemented to de- velop strategies aimed at reducing the breast cancer mortality, especially with regard to younger age groups in Inner Mongolia.