AIM:To study the root fracture resistance after root canal preparation with Ni-Ti rotary instruments and stainless hand instruments by means of meta-analysis.METHODS:Literature was researched in CNKI and CBMDisc,PubMed,CALIS,Proquest,Web of Science and 11 kinds of Chinese or English dentistry journals.Retrieval time on Internet was in all years and hand retrieval time was from January 2013 to October 2013.The literatures were selected through reading abstracts and full texts by two reviewers independently and Revman 5 software was used to analysize the literature.RESULTS:Six articles met the inclusion criteria.According to Meta-analysis of tooth root bending properties,total standardized mean difference(SMD)was 0.63(95%CI:-0.24-1.50,P>0.05).That indicated there was no statistically significant between the two groups.Subgroup analysis was carried out.SMD were 2.22(95%CI:0.23-4.20,P<0.05)and-0.61(95%CI:-1.05--0.17,P<0.05)when the premolar teeth with a single canal or the mesiobuccal roots of molars were used as the materials for tests to compare the effects of different root canal preparation methods on root fracture resistance.That only indicated that there were statistically significant in two subgroups.CONCLUSION:In vitro experiments,the effects on the fracture resistance of root had no statistical difference with Ni-Ti rotary instruments and stainless steel hand instruments in root canal preparation.