Comparative analysis of epigenetic alterations between acute and chronic leukemia, with an emphasis on histone modifications, was conducted. We focused on the promoter regions of the whole genomes as well as oncogenes. Our results revealed that obvious differential histone modifications pattern existed between the two subtypes. H3K27ac had a high tag density in the promoter region in both Dnd41 cell lines and K562 cell lines. H3K27ac and H3K4me1 had high correlation between the two cell lines of oncogenes. Similar results were also achieved in the promoter region of high expression genes in the Jurkat and K562 cell lines based on RNA-seq data. This suggested that H2K27ac and H3K4me1 were active regulators in leukemia cell lines.