Among several major frontier science and technology projects soon to be initiated by the Chinese government,China Brain Project (on ‘Brain Science and Brain-like Intelligence Technology’ (CB P)) has attracted much attention.Mu-ming Poo,Director of the Institute of Neuroscience (ION) and Centerfor Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS),is currently also the Executive Associate Editor of NSR.He has played a key role in the strategic discussion and planning for CBP.In a recent interview with NSR,Poo discussed his view on the goals and contents of CBP,as well as recent developments and future prospects of neuroscience in general.Throughout his research career that spanned over four decades,Poo has made seminal contributions to several areas in neuroscience.He reminisced during the interview on his own career path,as well as his experience and thoughts on building the research infrastructure for Chinese neuroscience.