Cow, yak, and camel milk diets differentially modulated the systemic immunity and fecal microbiota of rats

• 来源期刊: 科学通报（英文版）
• 年，卷（期）: 2017,（6）
• 页码范围: 405-414
• 页数: 10页
• 语种: 英文

摘要

Cow milk is most widely consumed;however,non-cattle milk has gained increasing interest because of added nutritive values.We compared the health effects of yak,cow,and camel milk in rats.By measuring several plasma immune factors,significantly more interferon-γ was detected in the camel than the yak (P =0.0020) or cow (p =0.0062) milk group.Significantly more IgM was detected in the yak milk than the control group (P =0.0071).The control group had significantly less interleukin 6 than the yak (P =0.0499) and cow (P =0.0248) milk groups.The fecal microbiota of the 144 samples comprised mainly of the Firmicutes (76.70± 11.03％),Bacteroidetes (15.27 ± 7.79％),Proteobacteria (3.61 ±4.34％).and Tenericutes (2.61 ± 2.53％) phyla.Multivariate analyses revealed a mild shift in the fecal microbiota along the milk treatment.We further identified the differential microbes across the four groups.At day 14,22 and 28 differential genera and species were identified (P =0.0000-0.0462),while 8 and 11 differential genera and species (P =0.0000-0.0013) were found at day 28.Some short-chain fatty acid and succinate producers increased,while certain health-concerned bacteria (Prevotella copri,Phascolarctobacterium faecium,and Bacteroides uniformis) decreased after 14 days of yak or camel milk treatment.We demonstrated that different animal milk could confer distinctive nutritive value to the host.