By studying changes in ATP levels in the plastids and cytosol of live plants using a MgATp2-specific F(o)rster resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based sensor,the entry of cytosolic ATP to the mature chloroplasts of Arabidopsis thaliana was found to be negligible [1].That ATP can be translocated into and out of mature plant chloroplast was first reported in 1969 [2].Since then,it has been suggested that cytosolic ATP,mainly generated from the respiratory chain of the mitochondria,can enter chloroplasts to fulfil its energy demand at night [3-5].