In the 1960s,Rouxel in France and Robert Schroeder in Germany explored the chemistry of reversible intercalation of Li+ between MS2 (M=transition metal) layers held together by weak Van der Waals bonding [1].In 1967,Kummer and Webber of the Ford Motor Co.had discovered fast 2D Na+ diffusion at 300 ℃ in incompletely occupied Na and O layers between spinel blocks of an aluminum oxide and had invented a sodium-sulfur battery operating above 300 ℃.