Constructing nanoporous Ni foam current collectors for stable lithium metal anodes

• 作者: Shikun Liu Hongming Zhang Xiaoxu Liu Yu Yang Caixia Chi Shen Wang Junying Xue Tingting Hao Jiupeng Zhao Yao Li
• 来源期刊: 能源化学
• 年，卷（期）: 2021,（7）
• 页码范围: 124-132
• 页数: 9页
• 语种: 英文

摘要

Lithium metal,as the most ideal anode material for high energy density batteries,has been researched for several decades.However,the dendrite formation and large volume change during repetitive lithium plating/stripping lead to a serious safety issue and impede the practical application of lithium metal anode.Herein,a nanoporous Ni foam current collector with high surface area and surface flaws is constructed via a facile oxidation-reduction method.The inherent macropore structure of Ni foam can partly accommodate the volume variation during Li plating/stripping.The well-distributed nanopores on the skeleton of Ni foam can effectively reduce the local current density,regulate the uniform lithium nucleation and deposition with homogenous distribution of Li+ flux.Moreover,the surface flaws induce the formation of ring Li structures at initial nucleation/deposition processes and concave Li metal spontaneously formed based on the ring Li structures during cycling,which can direct the even Li plating/stripping.Therefore,highly stable Coulombic efficiency is achieved at 1 mA cm-2 for 200 cycles.The symmetrical cell,based on the nanoporous Ni foam current collector,presents long lifespans of 1200 and 700 h respectively at different current densities of 0.5 and 1 mA cm-2 without short circuit.In addition,the LiFePO4 full cell,with the Li metal anode based on the nanoporous Ni foam current collector,shows excellent cycling performance at 1C for 300 cycles and rate performance.