In order to study the effects of seed soaking with Paclobutrazol( PP333) on the tillering and physiological characteristics of sugarcane seedlings,sugar cane variety ROC22 was used as experimental material. The effects of seed soaking with different concentrations of PP333 were studied. The tiller number and growth of sugarcane were surveyed at the 6-leaf stage,the physiological indicators such as chlorophyll content,soluble protein content,proline content and peroxidase activity were measured at the 2-leaf,4-leaf,and 6-leaf stages. The results showed that the seed soaking with PP333 can effectively improve the tillering of sugarcane seedlings. The suitable concentration for the tillering of sugarcane and the growth and development of sugarcane was of 50 mg/L; the seed soaking with PP333 significantly increased the chlorophyll,soluble protein,proline,and peroxidase activity of leaves of sugarcane seedlings; the content of chlorophyll and soluble protein in leaves of sugarcane seedlings treated with 90 mg/L PP333 was the highest,and the proline content and peroxidase activity of sugarcane treated with 50 mg/L PP333 were the highest.