In the 1990s, Russia set up its system of human rights commissioners. Although it does not have a long history, the system has been basically established, and it has played an important role in promoting the protection of human rights and social development in Russia, as well as responding to unfriendly comments from the international community. At the same time, Russia's system of human rights commissioners remains insufficient in compulsory execution, the division of functions and powers, sources of funding, legal status, and operational efficiency. These problems originate from deficient organizational design and external factors, including historical conditions, domestic politics, and international politics. In the near future, Russia should strive to improve and develop its system of human rights commissioners under the cautious consideration of both internal and external factors.