1 Deepwater Settings of Marginal Seas—the Frontier of Oil and Gas Exploration
From the perspective of geographical environment, the areas of global oil and gas exploration can be divided into land, shallow water and deep water areas. The timespan of oil and gas discovery in each field is different. Oil and gas have been discovered on land since ancient times, but the application of modern technology to discover oil and gas began in 1859 in Pennsylvania, USA (Hua, 1984). Large-scale oil and gas exploration began in the 1920s, and the reserve discovery reached its peak in the 1960s and 1970s.