A hierarchy of lattice soliton equations is derived from a discrete matrix spectral problem. It is shown that the resulting lattice soliton equations are all discrete Liouville integrable systems. A new integrable symplectic map and a family of finite-dimensional integrable systems are given by the binary nonlinearization method. The binary Bargmann constraint gives rise to a Bǎcklund transformation for the resulting lattice soliton equations.