摘要:
在所有的标点符号中,逗号","使用率最高,用法也最复杂.学生在使用逗号时,经常犯以下几种错误: 一、并列句中逗号的误用 由于受汉语标点符号的影响,学生经常在作业中将两个或连续几个独立的句子用逗号隔开,这在语法上称为RUN-ON SENTENCES;不时还会出现另一种错误,语法上称为FUSED SENTENCES,也就是两个独立的句子之间没有任何标点符号.这种句子,在口头表达时听不出有问题,但一旦写出来,就错了,如下面的句子: WRONG:MARY ISN''''T OLD ENOUGH, SHE CANNOT GO TO SCHOOL. WRONG:MARY ISN''''T OLD ENOUGH SHE CANNOT GO TO SCHOOL. 改正上述错误的方法不止一个,这要取决于句子的意思和写作人的意图.如上述两句可改为: 1.写成两个独立的句子: MARY ISN''''T OLD ENOUGH. SHE CANNOT GO TO SCHOOL. 2. 用分号,仍然写成两个独立的句子: MARY ISN''''T OLD ENOUGH; SHE CANNOT GO TO SCHOOL. 3. 根据句子的意思,可以用7个并列连词AND, BUT, OR, FOR, NOR, SO, YET中的一个,同时用逗号: MARY CANNOT GO TO SCHOOL, FOR SHE ISN''''T OLD ENOUGH. MARY ISN''''T OLD ENOUGH, SO SHE CANNOT GO TO SCHOOL. 4. 根据情况,用为数众多的从属连接词,同时用逗号: MARY CANNOT GO TO SCHOOL, BECAUSE SHE ISN''''T OLD ENOUGH. MARY IS SO YOUNG THAT SHE CANNOT GO TO SCHOOL. 二、定语从句中逗号的使用 很多学生都知道:限制性定语从句与被修饰的先行词关系密切,连成一体,其后通常不用逗号;而非限制性定语从句大都起补充说明作用,所以多用逗号隔开.