Epidermal stem cells and skin tissue engineering in hairfollicle regeneration

• 作者: Mar #x000ed a Eugenia Bala #x000f1 #x000e1 , Hern n Eduardo Charreau, and Gustavo Jos #x000e9 Leir #x000f3 s
• 来源期刊: 世界干细胞杂志：英文版（电子版）
• 学科: 医学
• 关键词: Adult stem cells Skin GRAFTS EPIDERMIS Multipotential differentiation Tissue REGENERATION DERMAL PAPILLA Epithelial-mesenchymal interactions
• 年，卷（期）: 2015,（4）
• 页码范围: 711-727
• 页数: 17页
• 分类号: R

摘要

The reconstitution of a fully organized and functionalhair follicle from dissociated cells propagated underdefined tissue culture conditions is a challenge stillpending in tissue engineering. The loss of hair folliclescaused by injuries or pathologies such as alopecia notonly affects the patients＇ psychological well-being, butalso endangers certain inherent functions of the skin. Itis then of great interest to find different strategies aimingto regenerate or neogenerate the hair follicle underconditions proper of an adult individual. Based uponcurrent knowledge on the epithelial and dermal cells andtheir interactions during the embryonic hair generationand adult hair cycling, many researchers have tried toobtain mature hair follicles using different strategies andapproaches depending on the causes of hair loss. Thisreview summarizes current advances in the differentexperimental strategies to regenerate or neogenerate hairfollicles, with emphasis on those involving neogenesisof hair follicles in adult individuals using isolated cellsand tissue engineering. Most of these experiments wereperformed using rodent cells, particularly from embryonicor newborn origin. However, no successful strategy togenerate human hair follicles from adult cells has yetbeen reported. This review identifies several issues thatshould be considered to achieve this objective. Perhapsthe most important challenge is to provide threedimensionalculture conditionsmimicking the structure ofliving tissue. Improving culture conditions that allow theexpansion of specific cells while protecting their inductiveproperties, as well as methods for selecting populationsof epithelial stem cells, should give us the necessary toolsto overcome the difficulties that constrain human hairfollicle neogenesis. An analysis of patent trends showsthat the number of patent applications aimed at hairfollicle regeneration and neogenesis has been increasingduring the last decade. This field is attractive not only toacademic researchers but also to the companies that ow